2012mom is correct about MAPRs.
Company and Battalion Officers submit their inputs into the online comments, from the military performance and potential perspective, about a particular mid identified as being academically unsat - an internal admin due date. This can range from "Midn 4/C Jones has struggled academically, but is a hard charger in the company and is satisfactory in all other military and professional requirements. He has the potential to succeed; recommend retention." Or, it can be comments at the other end of the spectrum, for those who are circling the drain on a number of gradable fronts. For those parents who have a plebe in academic trouble, if they are otherwise doing well, USNA typically does everything they can to ensure success through a range of options.
Academic reserve further means to be wary of scheduling anything that will cut into available study time, such as a Forrestal Lecture or non-critical but mandatory briefings.
Usually the last exam is the LMO, last military obligation, and they are free to check out on leave. Plebes should always check what the procedure is in their company as well as current regs. They will figure out how it all works.