OK; I think I'll start this off. But to be honest, I am cheating. I am cutting and pasting a pseudo chronology that I wrote last fall. Hopefully others will add to it. If it gets as informative as I think it will, I'll see if the nukemeister will make it a sticky. Anyway, here's a start for understanding: Mike....
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http://www.serviceacademyforums.com/showthread.php?t=8299&highlight=application+process
1. Junior Year of high school: About this time of the year: Find out who your son's ALO will be. Besides saying Hi; you want to apply for Summer Seminar. The NLT date for applying for Summer Seminar is approximately the 1st week of march / end of February of their Junior Year. But you'd LIKE to apply for summer seminar earlier.
2. Assuming you get accepted for Summer Seminar, your application will automatically be started there. If you don't get to go to summer seminar, you will start the survey/pre-application prior to the end of Junior Year. This way the academy can prepare the candidate kit for your son.
3. Somewhere between now and spring, read over you representative's and senator's web sites. They almost always have information/instructions on applying for a nomination to the military academies. They will even provide a phone number to one of their staff members who is in charge of the military academy nomination requests. Feel free to call this person with any questions the web site didn't clarify.
4. While the academy site mentions the candidate package (Which is online) being available in August (Prior to the applicant's senior year); it's actually usually available in end of June into July. Part of the application is to have your teacher's email address so the academy can email them for an online letter of recommendation. The application will also require transcripts. So PRIOR to ending his Junior year, have you son ask each teach for their email address. Preferably an email they will check at home, because it will be summer and they won't be in school very often. Having all the email addresses makes it easier to get that portion of the application done. Also, coordinate with the school's admin section to determine when they will be open during the summer, so your son can take the paperwork in the online application to request transcripts, school profile, class ranking, etc.... Again, it's summer. The school isn't going to have the best hours when someone can help you. Contact them before school lets out.
5. Being you'll know who the ALO is; stay in constant contact with them. Spend from now until the end of this school year doing running, pushups, pullups, situps, etc... Be ready to take the CFA immediately.
6. Also; as soon as the application is available, schedule the medical review. Have your physical done.
7. Now that you're familiar with the representative's and senator's requirements for a nomination, contact their point of contact around May/June (Right after finishing Junior Year). Ask them when the soonest is they will start accepting nomination packets. Most will accept them early, but want at least your final grades from your Junior Year. Either way, contact them. At the same time, if you are eligible for any other nominations such as presidential, vp, etc... contact the academy counseling office AFTER the start of the application process; mid/end June to July. They will help you with the other nominations. If it's just your senator/representative, then you already will know that process.
8. Now; if you have all these ducks lined up, there is absolutely no reason in the world that you can't have your application completely done before 1 September. It's totally possible. I've known people who have had them done towards the end of July. If you have your teacher's lined up, school admin lined up, SAT/ACT sent automatically, and lined up with the ALO; it is totally feasible.