There are several threads here about prepping for CFA. Use the search function above. Meanwhile, a few points:
Do the CFA now, exactly as instructed , to set a baseline (or perhaps you already did it at NASS). Then Google “USMA CFA guidelines” and you should find a PDF that shows averages and maxes for each event. Yes, it’s West Point, but I’ve yet to find a USNA version and this is close enough
If you’re below average, set a goal of getting above average. If you’re above average, set a goal of getting the max. Then, “overtrain.” For example, if your goal is 80 sit-ups, then do 100 in five sets of 20, with 10-second rest between sets. Or do push-ups for 2:30, at slower than target pace, making sure to hold the prescribed rest position (e.g. forward leaning rest). For runs, do speed work, in which you run faster than target pace for 1/4 or 1/2 mile intervals. Also run for 2-3 miles occasionally to build stamina.
Mix these workouts with some weight training, say every other day. For push-ups, do bench press and incline press. For pull-ups, do rows and lat pulls. Bodies adjust quickly — that is, diminishing returns — so variety is good.
The CFA deadline is January, so use the time to optimize your performance. Not saying you should wait until then — perhaps you can peak in October or November — but should not be a problem if the rest of your application is submitted. As long as DODMERB is triggered (it’s the real bottleneck), taking time to train is advisable. Best wishes to you.