1. No difference than officers that branch military police.
2. No difference than officer who serve in NBC or hazmat functional areas.
3. No difference than performing in the line of duty investigations.
4. Every officer must plan, resource, and execute.
bottom line - none of what you state requires candidates to choose their major before admission.
I was not responding to selection of majors....EVERY USCG Commissioned Officer regardless of major may be involved in these activities. Major has no difference, if you are in the "field" you are likely involved in duties other branches are not authorized to do. But I think you are missing the point:
1. Military Police Commissioned Officers DO NOT conduct patrols, do investigations or make arrests, they are NOT Federal Law Enforcement Officers
boarding foreign drug laden vessels and physically making arrests, or chasing down an intoxicated boater who just killed three people on another boat. Our son hopes to eventually become a JAG (Army), and being retired federal LE, I spoke personally with Army CID Officers, Army Military Police Officers (senior enlisted), and a O-3 who was shift supervisor. The only "Federal Law Enforcement Officers" with investigative and arrest authority are CID (who are all either civilians of Warrant Officers) ALL military police personnel (except CID) are confined to military bases and have very limited authority outside the gates. CG Commissioned Officers lead boarding parties, have arrest authority outside the gates, and deal with the unknown and bad people daily, and work with foreign government law enforcement in the prevention of crime on the "High Seas". Commissioned Officers in the Military Police are administrative in nature (so everyone we spoke with told me).
2. NBC and Hazmat are not usually full time assignments, but rather needs (to train and survive NBC attacks) that Officers should possess. and most if not all MBC and Hazmat duties are enlisted or Warrant positions.
3. BIG difference in "Line of Duty Investigations", a LOD Investigation is not criminal, and if criminal conduct is found they must turn it over to a Criminal Investigator or JAG. In the CG, Commissioned Officers investigate Maritime accidents involving BUI, Hazarding a Vessel, and Manifestly Unsafe Voyages. They also convene Maritime Boards of Investigation that can lead to criminal prosecution, revocation of license or ability to operate a vessel, or sometimes forfeiture of assets. Any of these violations may result in direct criminal charges, arrest, or hefty fines and penalties.
4. Agreed, that EVERY Officer needs to plan, execute, and oversee operations where lives are at stake, I was simply responding to the difference in CG Officers versus other branches. CG RCC Controllers do something no other service does and that is why I mentioned that.